영어학 정리 : Relationships between Function and Form & The structures of English

In English syntax, Function and Form exist.

 

1. Function

1) Subject : the constituent that tells us who performs the action denoted by the verb, what or who the sentense is about

2) Predicate : the action or state of Subject

 

2. Form

1)Word classes : nouns, adjectives, adverbes, etc

2)Phrases : NP, VP, PP, AP

3)clauses(sentences) : matrix clauses, subordinate clauses

 

3. Relationships between Function and Form

Relationships between Function and Form isn't one-to-one relationships. 

1) Subject : NP, PP, Finite clauses, Non-finite Clauses

2) Object : NP, PP, Finite clauses

 

4. The structure of English

1) The rank scale(labelled bracketing) : word level, phrase level, clause level, sentence level

2) Tree diagrams(Trees, Phrase markers) : S(MC), N(P), V(P), A(P), ADV(P), Det, Comp, SubC

3) Phrase Structure rules(PS rules) : S→NP I VP, NP→D N, etc